Iran's National curriculum standards represent the guiding blueprints which provide direction for instruction and assessment nationwide. Iran's official university curriculum standards were designed by Iran's Ministry of Sciences, Research and Technologyto provide a frame of reference and guidance for the instructional materials used and decisions made by university instructors.  Using a widely...

This memo contains a snapshot of the state of standardization of protocols used in the Internet as of October 24, 2002. It lists official protocol standards and Best Current Practice RFCs; it is not a complete index to the RFC series. The latest version of this memo is designated STD 1.

In 1998, the House of Delegates of the International Federation of Dental Hygiene requested that the education committee of the federation develop curriculum guidelines to serve as models for countries that were initiating dental hygiene educational programmes. This article reviews the process of guideline development, identifies challenges and directions for the future. A review of topics, goa...

The trend to include medical knowledge in practical activities that go beyond the official university curriculum is known as a “parallel curriculum”. As such, a parallel curriculum would be the extracurricular activities that medical students do for the purpose of gaining clinical and practical experience by accompanying services and/or professionals.(1-2) The learning of intensive care medicin...

INTRODUCTION Curriculum integration is widely discussed in medical education but remains ill defined. Although there is plenty of information on logistical aspects of curriculum integration, little attention has been paid to the contextual issues that emerge from its practice and may complicate students' knowledge integration. Therefore, we aimed to uncover how curriculum integration is manifes...

Abstract Being literate empowers individuals to be active citizens and enhances self-esteem, self-confidence, independence. In today’s society, literacy requires much more than alphabetic knowledge. Curriculum documents provide content knowledge for teachers refer as they assess plan the learning needs of their students. However, also have embedded within them particular views on what is taught...